The membership of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions stood at 134 million in 2009.Beneath the umbrella body there is a dual union structure. This means that national and regional trade unions and sector-specific trade unions exist in parallel.

CAFIU was established in 1981 and has been the FES’s contractual partner in Beijing since 1986.

The China Foundation for Human Rights Development was established as a non-governmental organization with the goal of contributing to the development and improvement of human rights in China, promoting cooperation between China and other countries on questions of human rights and jointly working towards the improvement of human rights worldwide.

The Chinese Institutes for Contemporary International Relations (CICIR) is one of the largest Chinese think tanks on foreign and security policy.

The Central Party School of the Communist Party of China is the central institution devoted to the education and training of high- and mid-level cadres of the CPC.

The Society of the People of Sichuan for friendship with foreign countries, or Friendship Society (FSS) for short, is a provincial organization dedicated to non-governmental issues.

The International Department at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (IDCPC) is responsible for international relations and exchanges of views with foreign parties and organizations.

The Institute of Constitutional Law at the Chinese University for Politics and Law in Beijing specialises in Chinese constitutional law, as well as foreign and German constitutional law.

The Social Security Research Centre of China at Renmin University is the oldest educational and research institute in the field of social security.

In 2000, the Institute for International Politics, the Institute for Eastern Europe and Central Asia and the Centre for European Studies were restructured into the School of International Studies.